A Fair Punishment

Alex Mueller Professor Goff Writing 122 19 February 2013 A Fair Punishment On the morning of April 21st, 2009, my biology teacher gave me, and the rest of the class, some alarming news. She told us that my high school classmate and friend, Major Washington, had been killed in a cable car accident the previous night. I later learned that Major, and his mother Sylvia Porter, had been hit by a intoxicated driver on their way to return a movie. The man laughingstock the wheel was drive with a suspended license, and his blood-alcohol train was at . 8, which is three times the legal limit. This was non his number one drunk driving offense. Suspending some aces license on their first drunk driving offense is not a strong rich penalisation. I recall that this tragedy could pick out been avoided if this man was in a place where he could not drink, and in a place where he could not larn behind the wheel of a car. In order to avoid tragedies like this one, drunk drivers should be imprison houseed on their first offense for one year. The opposition may argue that prison is meant for criminals only.Sending soulfulness to prison, after they made one mistake, is wrong. A first time offender of driving while under the influence does not belong in prison. prison is a place for those who have been charged with a serious criminal offense. This is true to a accredited extent. However, drunk driving is a dangerous and deadly behavior no what offense it is. The National road Traffic rubber Administration suggests the stiffer penalties for first-time high-BAC (blood alcohol content) offenders should be comparable to those applied to repeat offenders (NCSL 8).Associated essay pity is Worth a Try SummaryThese penalties include longer license suspension terms, longer prison sentences, high fines, installation of an ignition interlock, and treatment for alcohol abuse (NCSL 8). The NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) recognizes the seriousness of stricken driving. Drivers with high blood alcohol content ar at a greater risk of car accidents, injuries, and even death. Stricter penalties must be implemented. A first time offender should not be consecrate into prison for what can legitimately be called a mistake. Whether its a first time offender, second, or even third time offender, they are all equally dangerous.When the argument arises that a person should not be imprisoned on their first offense of drunk driving, I simply ask the scruple what if they get into an accident? If the accident results in the death of another person, that first time offender is expiration to prison for a long time. He or she does not belong in prison if they managed to get pulled over and arrested, but does that same person belong in prison if they hit and kill someone? According to the law, they do. If a person kills someone while driving under the influence, it is not going to look what offense it is, they are going to prison.Imprisonment o n the first offense of drunk driving will care to diminish the amount of mistakes people continuously make when they choose to get behind the wheel of a car. People may argue that first time offenders are able to get into treatment because they are more willing to plead to it, when theyre not going to be convicted of a crime. David J. Hanson, Ph. D. supports treatment by saying providing effective treatment is essential to reducing hardcore drunk driving because, regardless of the penalisation imposed, offenders will eventually begin driving again.The only way to prevent offenders from drinking and driving is treatment that brings about fundamental changes in behavior. I believe that treatment can work to an extent, but it primarily depends on the person. It may work for some people, but not for all. By implementing the law of imprisonment on the first offense of drunk driving, a message will be sent that behavior of that temperament will not be tolerated, and there will be no s econd chances. I believe that the fear of imprisonment can ultimately help decrease drunk-driving statistics.According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, in 2010, more than 10,000 people died in alcohol-impaired driving crashes. In 2011, 9,878 people were killed in alcohol-impaired crashes. The numbers have steadily decreased, but not enough. By establishing a law that says first time offenders of drunk driving shall be imprisoned for one year, fatalities and arrests will decrease even more. I believe that the fear of being imprisoned will also help decrease drunk driving statistics.Putting someone in prison will make he or she realize the mistake they made, and that they do not belong in that kind of environment. According to the NHTSA, alcohol-impaired motor vehicle crashes cost more than an estimated 37 billions dollars annually. By implementing this law, expenses related to drunk driving crashes can also decrease over time. When pulled over for driving drunk , drivers should be imprisoned on the first offense for one year. If this law were implemented, alcohol-impaired related deaths would decrease, as would the amount of arrests.Tragedies like the one that entangled my friend, would be avoided. Suspending a persons license is not a strong enough punishment because it does not ensure that he or she will not drive a car. The man in my story who caused the accident had a suspended license, yet he was still able to get behind the wheel of a car. The decision he made that night resulted in a haunting tragedy for many people. It would not have happened had he been put in prison on his first offense.

Write a Recommendation Report

Module Code PM502-2T Group Group W Module Title adroitness for Study 2 Assessment Title Report Assignment Title Write a tribute report in which you comp atomic number 18 trine possible method actings for peeing provision in arid neighborhood of your choice. Tutor Name Eve Smith Student ID Number 200860469 Date of Submission Friday 2nd Dec, 2011 record book count 1668 Contents 1Introduction1 2Background1 3Options2 3. 1desalination2 3. 2Rain Harvesting System3 3. 3Damming3 4Requirements4 4. 1Cost4 4. 2Sustainability4 4. 3Environmental relate5 4. 4Social impact5 5Compared Options6 5. 1Cost6 5. 2Sustainability6 5. 3Environmental impact7 5. Social impact7 6Conclusions8 7Recommendation8 8Reference9 Introduction In some developing country,arid are equal to cause poverty and death, so it is important to proffer clean, cheap and sustainable peeing to those residents living in arid area. However to depict piss in arid regions stop be a heavy(p) ch wholeenge, it should concern a b tabu be, sustainability, environmental impact and social impact. This report get verboten focus on 3 methods of wet antepast desalination, Rain Harvesting System and Dam. The report aims to analyses 3 different irrigate prevision methods, and flummox out which is fit the situation in mall East.In order to achieve this aim, report will compare those 3 methods in 4 requirements Cost, Sustainability, Environmental blow and Social Impact and carry out a recommendation to the region of Middle East. Background Recently the total commonwealth of human world has broken through Seven billion. The booming population has led to a serious problem, the higher the population is, and the much than water will be demanded. However, the water resource is limited though 70. 9% of the nation surface is covered by water, only 2. 5% of the earths water depose be directly utilized by human beings (Cech 2010).Fresh water resource is valuable for each wiz on this planet, especially for th ose large number who live in arid areas such as Middle East. In those regions, without water provision crops and livestock cannot survive, people have to spend a lot of time on prying and carrying water which can deprive their right to get education and machinate currency (KIC 2011). At the aforesaid(prenominal) time, low water quality is a immense threat to peoples health. According to a survey from WHO (2004) if all humans in the world can have clean water picture, 88% of health problem in developing country will be solved.Options 1. 1 Desalination 97% of water on this planate is common salt water, if we can take the salt out water, indeed umpteen place in the world will no longer suffer from lack of water. Fortunately desalination make it possible. Fischetti (2007) bucks out that desalination is a process using energy and technique to remove salts and early(a) minerals from water. The aim of this process is to transform salt water to new-made water for people drinkin g and nonchalant use in the regions limited on impertinently water but have plenty of salt water.Numbers of desalination station have been built in the world, The biggest desalination station in the world is the Jebel Ali Desalination Plant located in United Arab Emirates. It can produce 79. 2 billion Gallon fresh water per year (Elshorbagy 2008). These stations supply large amount of fresh water to local residents every day, ease the water stress largely. 1. 2 Rain Harvesting System In some arid areas,rainwater may be the main water source,Boers (1994) point out that, the low rainfall and irregular distribution cause the problem of water stress in some arid areas.Rain Harvesting System fun jamentally is to reaping rain water from rooftop and yard,after purified,than storing the water in an underground cellar for drinking, daily use and tearing crops, See figure 1 (Garwalmail 2001). Boers (1994) as well as points out that this kind of technique has already been apply on many arid areas to solve water stress. Figure 1 childlike Diagram to show pelting Harvesting (Garwalmail 2001) 1. 3 Damming Human beings have used dam as a method of water provision for a long history. The oldest extant dam in the world is the Jawa Dam, located in Jordan (Helms, 1977).Dams can be seen as a barrier to stop water flow for and reserving it. Storing rain or river water in rain season, ensure the water supply for human consumption and irrigation in dry season. Dams make water predictable, and much easier to manage. Damming is not only a water provision method but also an energy sources. Large scale dams can also produce power. Altinbilek(2002) found 19% of electricity in the world wild was generated by dams, helping a lot of countries to get clean and cheap energy. Requirements 1. 4 CostFor wealth regions, cost is not the primary requirement of water provision methods, they pay more economic aid on sustainability or environmental impacts. however or so of arid areas are n ot especially wealth, cost could be a big problem for them. In some low income Middle East countries, governments are unable to afford those kinds of water provision cipher which cost a lot (World entrust 1993). paltry water supply leads to high death rate and low productivity. People have to pay more time on searching and carrying water, this makes them even unfortunateer. So costs is an important consideration for some ountries. 1. 5 Sustainability Sustainability is also an aspect must be concerned when plan a water supply project. If a region seeks to maintain productivity and daily life,then the continuous water supply is essential. Unstable water supply will lead to low productivity and quality of life. Those old water provision methods such as pumping underground water are not a long-term solution, new technology may contribute some solution to this problem. Tove (1997) brought out an idea new technologies are able to make water supply far more stable and reliable than ev er before. . 6 Environmental impact In modern years the environmental impact of water provision methods has aroused many peoples concern. In the past, environment would not be a primary consideration for water provision projects. However more and more evidence shows that insufficient attention to environment can bring a lot of problem. Hwang (2004) point out that, excessive use of groundwater is directly related to ground subsidence. Fortunately, today when planning a water project they will try to minimize the environmental impact (Figure 2).A fish hunt down has been tested and has utilize on many dams to protect native fish (Barrett 2006). Figure 2 A fish ladder built around a dam in the Pacific Northwest 1. 7 Social impact Just like the Environmental impact, water provision project can also have a significant impact on hostel. For a large-scale project, millions of people have to abandon their house, farm cut down and all the things they cannot take with them, evacuated to ot her places, IRO (2008) point out that it is estimated that there are more than 40 million people in the world have to move because of large-scale water project.The government has to pay huge amounts of money to resettle those people. Spending too much money on a water provision project may also lead to a higher bill of water which is detrimental for the poor (Goldman 2007). comparability by Requirements Compared Options 1. 8 Cost On average, to build desalination found is likely to be the most expansive way to provide fresh water. Karagiannis. (2007) argued about that the cost of building a desalination ground can be astonishing, and it require a lot of energy.Compare with desalination, the cost to build and maintain on dam can be acceptable if the construction scale is not that big. In addition, most of dams are applied on electricity generation and keep fish in reservoir. These methods will bring revenue to bowdlerize the cost of dam. It is no doubt that Rainwater Harvesting Sy stem is the most economical way of water supply. Boers (1994) states that, building a rainwater harvesting system for a family is quite cheap. 1. 9 Sustainability In these three methods, the most stabled way to supply water is desalination.Kumar (2003) argues that if we are able to transfer sea water to freshwater, then water would not be a problem for human beings we do not have to fuss about overuse sea water, as we worrying about groundwater and rivers will dry up one day. Damming is also a relatively stable water supply method. Excluding some extreme weather incidentors, damming can provide water to surrounding areas stably (Altinbilek 2002). However, if encounter extreme weather, like drought, dams will lost the give out of providing water. The most unsustainable water provision method is rainwater harvesting.Boers (1994) states that rely on rainfall to supply fresh water in arid areas have never been a stable way. 1. 10 Environmental Impact Damming has a huge impact on the environment. Old style dams do not have a fish passage, which stops fish swims back to upstream for breeding. World Commission on Dams (2000) point out there is more than 9000 kinds of fresh water fish vanished in recent 100 years in the world. For a desalination plant, the impact to environment is far lower than damming. Great energy consumption may be the only impact a desalination plant do to environment.Younos (2005) describe desalination plant energy consumption as drinking energy. Rainwater harvesting nearly have no impact on environment, so it is an environment-friendly way to provide fresh water. 1. 11 Social impact Desalination and rainwater harvesting almost have no negative impact to social impact. In fact these two methods are beneficiating to society. According to Elshorbagy (2007) and Boers (1994) these two kinds of methods are Ease water shortages in wealth regions and poor regions respectively in Middle East. There is no doubt that damming can have a huge impact on s ocial.The impact of damming bring to the society is multifaceted. Local resident resettlement, loss of arable land and those cultural heritages losses, all of these social problems are caused by damming (Goldsmith 1992). Conclusions With all the discussion above there, we can easily to find out that each method has its advantages and disadvantages. Desalination plant is a very stable water supply method. However, construction and operating costs is unacceptable for some developing country in Middle East. Damming is a reliable way to provide fresh water, but the impact on environment and society is unaffordable for some Middle East country.Although rainwater harvesting is not that stable, but because of its low cost and Environment-friendly, this method can play a major role in poor regions. So it is impossible to find out one method better than others. According to local conditions, we should choose different way to provide fresh water in Middle East. Recommendation In the Middle E ast, desalination may be the best way to provide water for wealth countries. However, for those poverty-stricken countries where under extreme weather, rainwater harvesting can be a good way to solve water stress. * ReferenceAltinbilek, D (2002). The Role of Dams in Development, International Journal of Water Resources Development, 18 (1), pp. 9-24 Barrett. J, Cooper, M, M. (2006). The Murray Rivers Sea to Hume Dam fish passage program establish to date and lessons learned, Ecological Management Restoration 17(3), pp173-183. Boers, M. (1994), Rainwater Harvesting in Arid and Semi-Arid Zones. Waeninaen. The Netherlands. Cech, T. V. (2010). Principles of Water Resources History, Development, Management, and indemnity (3rd Ed. ). USA JOHN WILEY SONS, INC. Elshorbagy, W. Elhakeem, A, B. (2007).Risk assessment maps of oil spill for major desalination plants in the United Arab Emirates, Desalination, 228 (1-3), pp. 200-216 Fischetti, M (2007). Fresh from the Sea, Scientific American 2 97 (3), pp. 118119. GoldMan. M (2007), How Water for All policy became hegemonic The power of the World Bank and its transnational policy networks, Geoforum, 38(5), pp. 786-800 Goldsmith, E. Hildyard, N. (1992). The Social and Environmental Effects of Large Dams. Wadebridge. Wadebridge Ecological Centre. Helms,S,W. (1977). Jawa Excavations 1975. Third Preliminary Report. Levant, 9(1), pp. 21-35 Hwang.N. R, Moh. Z. C. (1996) orchestration for Underground Construction Projects, Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur. International Rivers Organizaion (2008) The World Commission on Dams Framework A Brief Introduction, Retrieved From http//www. internationalrivers. org/ guest/2526 Karagiannis, I, C. Soldatos, P, G. (2007). Water desalination cost literature review and assessment, Desalination, 223( 1-3), pp. 448-456 Kumar, C, P. (2003). Fresh Water Resources A Perspective. National land of Hydrology. India. Stanley, J. (2011). What Are Results of Poor Access to Safe Domestic Water Supplies?C. Skills for Study 2 Development Issues, 43, 32-39. Nottingham, UK KIC. Tove A. Larsen. Gujer,W. (1997). The fancy of sustainable Urban Water Management. Water Science and Technology. 35(9), 1997, pp. 3-10 World Bank (1993), Water Resources Management form _or_ system of government Paper, Washington DC The World Bank. World Commission on Dams (2000) Dams and Development a new poser for decision-making, the report of the world commission on dams. London Earthscan Publications. World Health Organization . (2004). Burden of complaint and cost-effectiveness estimates, Retrieved From http//www. ho. int/water_sanitation_health/diseases/burden/en/index. html Younos, T. (2005). Environmental Issues of Desalination. Contemporary Water Research Education. Issue 132. PP. 11-18 Garwalmail, A (2010). Simple Diagram to show Rainwater Harvesting. Retrieved From http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/FileSimple_Diagram_to_show_Rainwater_Harvesting. png A fish ladder built around a dam in the Pacific Northwest, (2010). Retrieved From http//adventure. howstuffworks. com/outdoor-activities/fishing/fish-conservation/fish-populations/fish-ladder1. htm

Macro economics short answers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Macro stintings short answers - try Example(15 points)Some institutions and institutional arrangements encourage economic growth. Institutional arrangements outline the formal and informal rules of the high that direct how people interact. These arrangements form incentives and outline expected and tolerable forms of behavior in social interaction. The institutions that boost economic growth includeProductivity is referred to as the ratio between the output measurement and the quantity of inputs. It determines how well production inputs, like labor and capital, are being employed in an economy to constitute a specified level of output. Factors that lead to increases in productivity include capital accumulation, more than accession to natural resources, technological innovation, novelty in labor processes like division and specialization, improvements in business practices and transformation in patterns of trade.Great depression was as result of crash of the stock securities industry. Once the stock market plunged, fearful that banks would fail, people started to withdraw their notes. Almost overnight, they put thousands of banks under threat. The more money people withdrew, the more banks failed, and the more banks failed, the more money people withdrew. By 1933, nearly 11,000 of the nations 25,000 banks had fallen. In pose to boost economic activities the Fed was to put in place policy measures geared toward increasing money supply in the economy but it did not do that in time leading to economic

Social media as a mode of market communication in the U.K Essay

Social media as a mode of foodstuff communication in the U.K - Essay ExampleAccording to many experts, the master(a) difference between kindly media and the mainstream mass media is that in societal media, anyone has the opportunity to comment on, create as well as add something to the content in form of text, images, video and communities (Skiera, 2010, p.87). With the current enormous exit of users internationally, social media can be a planned merchandise communication spear to service providers, including the hotel industry. Businesses force back advantage of the omnipresent platform where cost is efficient to set their advertisement (Hackley, 2010, p. 318). In the current years, at that place has been rise of social media channels such as Facebook, You Tube, Twitter and Google which lets users to take a more dynamic role as securities industry players and get in touch with almost every person at anyplace and anytime. This research proposal will seek to determine the r ole of social media in market communication in the United Kingdom. Research Objectives The primary aim of the proposed research is to establish the role of social media in market communication in the U.K. ... As a result social media has played an burning(prenominal) role in helping marketers and corporate organizations to better understand the buying behavior of consumers, indentify their needs and therefore provide them with the right information during marketing. Another important objective is to determine how various social media platforms ar currently used in market communication. In many parts of the world, users of social media platforms such as Facebook, tweeter among others have been able to create and develop networks among families, friends, celebrities and people who share different common goals and characteristics. Integrated marketing communications has provided marketers with important tools for direct marketing, public relations, personal setting as well as to ch ange them to communicate with their potential customer through various ways such as focused interconnected messaging. Lastly, the research will also attempt to establish the challenges of using social media as a tool for marketing. Research Questions 1. What are the key advantages of social media over the traditional media? 2. How are social media platforms such as Facebook and twitter used in marketing? 3. What are some of the contemporary challenges facing the use of social media in market communication? 4. What is the future of social media in the marketing communication? Literature appraise Social media play a very vital role in while enhancing an effective market communication. It has in the recent years come up with an idea of a fully integrated marketing communication system which is an approach based on branding and upgrading marketing communications where the different

Erosion, weathering, mass wasting. Earth's Interior Geologic Time Assignment

Erosion, weathering, mass cachexy. Earths Interior geological Time Scale - Assignment ExampleSoil erosion can be prevented by set scentbreaks. Windbreaks be lines of planted bushes and plants that hold soil firmly with their roots and prevent it from being washed away. opposite methods include terracing, in which level plains are cut on hillsides and crops are grown on these plains. (wikipedia.org).Weathering is the move of decomposition or breakdown of soils and arguings when they come in direct contact with natural forces such as wind, rain and love. Weathering is of two types, mechanical and chemical. Mechanical weathering involves the breakdown of rocks overdue to wind, heat, rain and ice. Sand that is carried by wind grinds down the surfaces of rocks, causing wind erosion/weathering. Higher temperatures cause cracks in rocks. This mostly occurs when sun rays heat up the surface of the rocks while the inside of the rock remains cool. When the surface of such rocks cools down at night, it contracts. Repeated contraction and expansion causes cracks in the rock, leading to its breakdown and weathering. Raindrops too cause weathering, either by wearing down the rocks or by causing chemical switchs by mixing with minerals in the rocks. scum glaciers running over rocks also lead to their breakdown. Chemical weathering occurs when environmental agents, such as CO2, react with rock minerals. (wikipedia.org) Mass wasting is the process by which soil and rocks move down a be given due the action of gravity. This occurs when the gravitational forces acting on a soil layer on a slope exceeds the frictional force that is keeping the soil layer in place. The maximum angle of the slope at which the soil continues to stay in place without being pulled by gravity is called angle of repose. Mass wasting occurs when the slopes angle exceeds the angle of repose. Landslides, mudflows and creeps are examples of mass wasting. It usually occurs due to change in slope angle, weathering of rocks, intensive increase or decrease in water content of the soil, and deprivation of vegetation to hold the soil together. (wikipedia.org) 2. Earths lithosphere and plate architectonics The earths lithosphere is the self-colored outermost region of the earth, comprising of the impertinence and the upper mantle. Lithosphere is of two types, oceanic and continental. The oceanic lithosphere is the crust that exists beneath the oceans, and whose onerousness is about 50-100 Km. Continental lithosphere is about 40-200 Km thick and is associated with the continental crust. The thickness of the oceanic lithosphere increases as it ages. Moreover, it always sinks beneath the continental lithosphere. The lithosphere is divided into plates called tectonic plates that are constantly in gradual gesture. The theory of plate tectonics explains the large-scale motion of the earths tectonic plates. This theory builds up on other theories such as those of continental drift. The energy for motion of tectonic plates is derived from the dissipated heat from the earths mantle. While the mechanism underlying the motion of tectonic plate is still under debate, several reasonable explanations do exist. A get going from several minor plates, at that place are eight major tectonic plates namely, Antarctic Plate, African Plate, Indian Plate, Australian Plate, Eurasian Plate, peaceable Plate, South American Plate, and the North American Plate. Below these plates, which comprise the lithosphere, the asthenosphere (hot, viscous fluid that is a part of the upper mantle) flows gradually. Convection currents generated in the asthenosphere transfer heat to the tectonic plates in the lithosphere, which are then separated by the action of magma. Movement of these tectonic plates gives rise to

Play review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

lend review - Essay ExampleThe play depicts how a virtual hell breaks loose and how an amusing government agency is created as the two couples not only disturb with each some other but also convince sides. At times the battle is between partners and at times it appears to be between boys and girls with the least take aim of introspection or admittance of accountability by any of the parties (Reza, 2009). But nevertheless, the play takes visitors through ninety minutes of wonderful comedy and entertainment although it never gets deep enough for the viewer to think of observation a second part of the play.Alan and Annette is one couple and belong to the upper middle class. They are sanely well off go the other couple, Michael and Veronica is extremely rich. Michael is a successful attorney while Veronica is a self appointed writer and works part-time in a discussion shop. Both couples could have met at a party or function but they have been brought unneurotic because of their sons who are both about eleven years of age. The two boys had a fight in which Alans son beat up Michaels son, causing him severe injuries.The arguments between the quaternary adults relative to the fight between their sons becomes a contest that drags on excessively far in considering the context of the two marriages and the qualities of the four characters. The play virtually becomes a battle of wits in which the characters probe the details of each others lives and it appears for somewhat time the couples will remain together but soon the partnerships begin to show signs of wavering. It becomes perceptible that no(prenominal) of the partners are happy with each other and the play is enjoyable to watch as the four repeatedly come in conflict and get ready to fight with each other. They go on throwing insults at each other and loyalty seems to become a weak aspiration. Both pairs of husbands and wives accuse each other they create new alliances at one moment and drop them in

Discussion Board Post Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 18

Discussion Board Post Response - Essay ExampleEmpowering employees is of benefit to the achievement of your organizations goals of zero point serious safety events. In Brookwood Medical Center, achievement of organizational goals is attained through a flori husbandry of social responsibility, teamwork, and treating other employees with respect and dignity.Dana Reid, I support the culture practiced in your organization. It is true that the grandness of education in health c be cannot be understated. One of the most fundamental elements of organizational culture as asserted by Dixon and Dougherty (2010) is human interactions. I believe that level of education of an individual plays an all-important(a) role in determination of behavior in relation to human interactions, and also individual opinions towards circumstantial issues. I also concur that a culture of higher education and setting the minimum want for new recruits as a BSN facilitates quality improvement as only highly skil led individuals are considered. In Brookwood Medical Center, attaining a high level of education is also highly valued. For a suck in to be recruited to a nurse leader position, he or she must also have a BSN. Creating a culture relating to education helps minimize incidences of medical errors as it prevents recruitment of poorly skilled individuals.Dorgham, S. R. (2012). alliance between organization work climate & staff nurses organizational commitment. Nature and Science, 10(5), 8091. Retrieved from